· 標題:Inhibition of HO1 alleviates cardiac fibrosis by improving ferroptosismediated aberrant autophagy
· 期刊:Free Radical Biology and Medicine(2026,IF≈11.7,氧化應激領域 Top)
· 核心結論:抑制 HO1 可通過阻斷鐵死亡、恢復異常自噬流,顯著改善心肌梗死與 TGFβ1 誘導的心肌纖維化并保護心功能,為臨床抗心肌纖維化提供全新靶點與機制。
· 使用 Absin 產品:Heme Microplate Assay Kit(abs580148),高特異性、寬線性范圍、微量樣本即可準確定量,為 HO1 酶活與血紅素代謝檢測提供關鍵數據支撐。

1. 心肌纖維化臨床困境
心肌纖維化是心梗、高血壓心臟病共同病理通路,以心臟成纖維細胞過度活化、細胞外基質大量沉積為特征,直接導致心室僵硬、收縮舒張功能下降、心律失常甚至猝死。目前缺乏安全有效的靶向抗纖維化藥物,核心瓶頸是機制不清。
2. 鐵死亡與自噬在心臟疾病中的關鍵作用
鐵死亡是鐵依賴、脂質過氧化驅動的程序性死亡,在心肌損傷中被大量激活;自噬是細胞清除受損蛋白 / 細胞器的穩態機制,自噬流異常是纖維化重要驅動因素。二者交互調控,但在心肌纖維化中的上下游關系尚不明確。
3. HO1 的雙重身份與爭議
HO1(血紅素氧合酶1)是經典抗氧化酶,可降解血紅素生成 Fe2?、CO、膽綠素。適度激活具保護作用,但過度上調會導致鐵過載、誘發鐵死亡,在心臟病理中作用存在明顯爭議。
4. 本研究核心科學問題
HO1 是否通過鐵死亡→異常自噬軸驅動心肌纖維化?抑制 HO1 能否成為抗心肌纖維化新策略?
1. 心肌纖維化主流機制聚焦 TGFβ/Smad、炎癥、氧化應激,但鐵死亡與自噬交叉調控是近年新方向。
2. 多項研究證實鐵死亡促進心肌纖維化,但上游調控靶點不明確。
3. HO1 可調控鐵死亡,但在心肌纖維化中是否通過自噬發揮作用尚未報道。
4. 本研究建立 HO1–ferroptosis–autophagy–cardiac fibrosis完整調控軸,填補機制空白。
構建體內 MI 小鼠模型 + 體外 TGFβ1 誘導 CFs 纖維化模型→驗證 HO1 在纖維化中高表達→激活 / 抑制 HO1 觀察鐵死亡與纖維化表型→證實鐵死亡介導自噬異常→阻斷自噬回復實驗→體內外驗證 HO1 抑制劑 ZnPP 的治療效應→提出靶向 HO1 的抗纖維化新策略。
? 研究目的:確定 HO1 在心肌纖維化中的表達模式與功能表型。
? 實驗設計:TGFβ1 刺激原代心臟成纖維細胞(CFs);小鼠 LAD 結扎構建 MI 模型;Hemin 激活 HO1。
? 檢測指標:HO1 蛋白、Fe2?、ROS、脂質過氧化、MDA、αSMA、CollagenI、FN1。
? 關鍵結果:
1. TGFβ1 與 MI 均顯著上調 HO1 表達。
2. Hemin 激活 HO1 后,鐵死亡核心指標全面升高。
3. 纖維化標志物 αSMA、CollagenI、FN1 顯著上調。
Fig. 1. Activation of HO-1 aggravates ferroptosis and fibrosis in CFs. a. Western blot assays for HO-1 protein expression in CFs and cardiac tissue of mice (n = 3 or n = 6). b-d. Densitometric quantification of HO-1 protein level (n = 3 or n = 6). e-h. Fluorescence detection and quantification of intracellular Fe2+ , ROS, and lipid peroxidation by FerroOrange, DCFH-DA, and Liperfluo, respectively, × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). i, j. Flow cytometry analysis of intracellular Fe2+ levels (n = 6). k. Intracellular MDA levels (n = 6). l, m. Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA at × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). n-p. Western blot and densitometric analysis of Collagen-I and FN1 protein expression (n = 3). All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P< 0.05, **P < 0.01.
? 研究目的:證實鐵死亡是心肌纖維化的關鍵介導環節。
? 實驗設計:鐵死亡抑制劑 Fer1 處理 TGFβ1 誘導的 CFs。
? 關鍵結果:
1. Fer1 顯著降低 Fe2?、ROS、脂質過氧化、MDA 水平。
2. Fer1 明顯抑制 αSMA、CollagenI、FN1 的上調。
3. 逆轉 CFs 向肌成纖維細胞轉化。
Fig. 2. Inhibition of ferroptosis attenuates myocardial fibrosis in vitro. a. Viability of CFs exposed to IKE (0–30 μM) for 48 h (n = 6). b. CFs viability following 48 h treatment with IKE (25 μM) and Fer-1 (0–30 μM) for 48 h (n = 6). c, d. Intracellular Fe2+levels measured by flow cytometry (n = 5). e. Fluorescence images of intracellular Fe2+, ROS, and lipid peroxidation detected by FerroOrange, DCFH-DA, and Liperfluo, respectively, × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). f-h. Quantification of intracellular Fe2+, ROS, and lipid peroxidation fluorescence intensity (n = 3). i. Intracellular MDA levels were measured using an assay kit (n = 4). j,Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA at × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). l. qRT-PCR analysis of ACTA2, COL1A1 and FN1 mRNA expression (n = 6). m. Western blot analysis of Collagen-I and FN1 protein expression (n = 3). n, o. Densitometric analysis of Collagen-I and FN1 protein levels (n = 3). All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P< 0.05, **P < 0.01.
? 研究目的:在動物水平驗證鐵死亡的促纖維化作用。
? 實驗設計:MI 小鼠給予 Fer1 干預 4 周,超聲、組織學、分子檢測。
? 關鍵結果:
1. Fer1 顯著提高 EF、FS,減小 LVIDs/LVIDd,改善心功能。
2. 減少膠原沉積、心肌損傷與線粒體結構破壞。
3. 降低心臟 Fe2?、MDA 及纖維化蛋白。
? 研究目的:揭示鐵死亡下游機制 —— 調控自噬流。
? 實驗設計:檢測自噬體、溶酶體、自噬流、LC3B/p62、NCOA4/FTH。
? 關鍵結果:
1. TGFβ1 導致自噬體蓄積、酸性溶酶體減少、自噬流阻斷。
2. Fer1 恢復溶酶體功能、重啟自噬流、降低 LC3B/p62。
3. NCOA4 無顯著變化,不依賴鐵自噬通路。
Fig. 4. Inhibition of ferroptosis restores dysregulated autophagy in TGF-β1-treated CFs and MI mice. a. MDC staining of autophagosomes in CFs at × 450 magni fication, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). b. Representative confocal microscope images of LysoTracker Green DND-26 staining at × 1000 magnification, scale bar = 10 μm (n = 3). c, d. Quantification of MDC and LysoTracker Green DND-26 fluorescence intensity (n = 3). e. Autophagic flux detected using pLVX-Puro-mRFP-GFP mLC3B, × 1000 magnification, scale bar = 10 μm (n = 3). f. Western blot analysis of LC3B and p62 protein expression in CFs (n = 3). g, h. Densitometric analysis of LC3B and p62 protein levels (n = 3). i. Western blot analysis of LC3B and p62 protein expression in cardiac tissues of mice (n = 6). j, k. Quantification of LC3B and p62 protein expression (n = 6). All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P< 0.05, **P < 0.01. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
? 研究目的:確立 HO1→鐵死亡→自噬異常的級聯通路。
? 實驗設計:Hemin 激活 HO1+Fer1 處理 CFs。
? 關鍵結果:
1. Fer1 逆轉 Hemin 誘導的鐵死亡、溶酶體異常、自噬流阻滯。
2. Fer1 抑制 Hemin 誘導的纖維化激活。
Fig. 5. Inhibition of ferroptosis restores autophagy and attenuates fibrosis in Hemin-induced CFs. a, b. MDC and LysoTracker Green DND-26 staining were used to assess the autophagosome level and the abundance of acidic lysosomes, respectively. × 450 and × 1000 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm and 10 μm (n = 3). c, d. Quantification of MDC and LysoTracker Green DND-26 fluorescence intensity (n = 3). e, f. Intracellular lysosomal pH measured using LysoSensor Green DND-189 (n = 6). g. Autophagic flux detected by pLVX-Puro-mRFP-GFP-mLC3B, × 1000 magnification, scale bar = 10 μm (n = 3). h-j. Western blot and densitometric analysis of LC3B and p62 protein expression (n = 3). k, m. Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA in CFs at × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). l-o. Western blot and densitometric analysis of Collagen-I and FN1 protein expression (n = 3). All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
? 研究目的:驗證 HO1 是抗纖維化有效靶點。
? 實驗設計:ZnPP 抑制 HO1;siRNA 敲低 HO1。
? 關鍵結果:
1. 抑制 HO1 恢復胞內血紅素水平(abs580148 檢測)。
2. 顯著降低鐵死亡與纖維化指標。

Fig. 6. Inhibition of HO-1 attenuates ferroptosis and fibrosis in CFs exposed to TGF-β1. a. Viability of CFs exposed to ZnPP (0–40 μM) for 48 h (n = 6). b. Western blot assays for HO-1 protein expression (n = 3). c, d. Quantification of HO-1 protein levels (n = 3). e. Intracellular heme levels (n = 6). f. Intracellular MDA level in CFs (n = 6). g, h. Flow cytometry analysis of intracellular Fe2+ level (n = 6). i. Fluorescence detection of intracellular Fe2+, ROS, and lipid peroxidation by FerroOrange, DCFH-DA, and Liperfluo, respectively, × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). j-l. Quantification of intracellular Fe2+, ROS, and lipid peroxidation (n = 3). m, n. Immunofluorescence staining and quantification of α-SMA in CFs at × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). o-q. Western blot analysis of Collagen-I and FN1 protein expression (n = 3). All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P< 0.05, **P < 0.01.
Fig. 7. HO-1 knockdown attenuates ferroptosis and fibrosis in TGF-β1-induced CFs. a. Representative Western blot images of HO-1 protein expression (n = 3). b, c. Quantitative analysis of HO-1 protein levels (n = 3). d. Fluorescence detection of intracellular Fe2+, ROS, and lipid peroxidation by FerroOrange, DCFH-DA, and Liperfluo, respectively, × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). e-g. Quantification of intracellular Fe2+, ROS, and lipid peroxidation levels (n = 3). h, i. Flow cytometric analysis and quantification of intracellular Fe2+ level (n = 6). j. Intracellular MDA level in CFs (n = 6). k, l. Immunofluorescence staining and quantification of α-SMA in CFs at × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). m-o. Western blot analysis and quantification of Collagen-I and FN1 protein expression (n = 3). All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P< 0.05, **P < 0.01.
模塊 7:HO1 抑制的保護作用依賴自噬穩態恢復
? 研究目的:機制閉環,證實保護效應依賴自噬。
? 實驗設計:ZnPP+CQ(自噬抑制劑)聯合處理。
? 關鍵結果:
1. CQ 逆轉 ZnPP 對自噬流的挽救作用。
2. CQ 消除 ZnPP 的抗纖維化與心功能保護作用。
Fig. 8. Suppression of HO-1 alleviates myocardial fibrosis by restoring autophagy in TGF-β1-treated CFs. a, b. MDC and LysoTracker Green DND-26 staining, × 450 and × 1000 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm and 10 μm (n = 3). c, d. Quantification of MDC and LysoTracker Green DND-26 fluorescence intensity (n = 3). e. Autophagic flux was measured by pLVX-Puro-mRFP-GFP-mLC3B, × 1000 magnification, scale bar = 10 μm (n = 3). f-h. Western blot and densitometric analysis of LC3B and p62 protein expression (n = 3). i, j. Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA in CFs at × 450 magnification, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 3). k-m. Western blot and densitometric analysis of Collagen-I and FN1 protein expression (n = 3). All data are presented as mean ± SEM. **P < 0.01. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
1. 實驗應用場景
本研究在原文 2.17 實驗方法章節與原文 Fig.6e 結果圖中使用Absin abs580148 血紅素檢測試劑盒檢測心臟成纖維細胞內血紅素含量,直接反映 HO1 的酶解活性:
1. HO1 激活→血紅素被降解→胞內血紅素下降;
2. ZnPP 抑制 HO1→血紅素降解減少→胞內血紅素回升;
3. 該數據是HO1 功能驗證的核心生化證據。
2. 產品核心優勢
1. 高特異性:專一識別血紅素,不受樣本中其他色素干擾。
2. 寬檢測范圍:1–100 μmol/L,覆蓋細胞 / 組織生理濃度。
3. 操作簡便:比色法,96 孔板高通量,酶標儀直接讀數。
4. 樣本適應性強:細胞裂解液、組織勻漿、全血、血清均可測。
5. 穩定性好:4℃保存,保質期 6 個月,藍冰運輸保障活性。
3. 對本研究的關鍵作用
1. 精準量化胞內血紅素,直接反映 HO1 酶活性,為機制提供硬核數據。
2. 微量樣本即可檢測,適配原代細胞珍貴樣本。
3. 結果穩定可靠,支撐HO1 作為治療靶點的結論嚴謹性。
1. 提出并證實 HO1→鐵死亡→異常自噬→心肌纖維化的全新調控軸。
2. 澄清HO1 在心臟中的雙重作用:過度激活促纖維化,抑制具保護作用。
3. 提供無創 / 藥物可靶向的新靶點:HO1 抑制劑具臨床轉化潛力。
4. 拓展心肌纖維化治療思路:聯合靶向鐵死亡 + 自噬,提高療效。
立即詢價
您提交后,專屬客服將第一時間為您服務